Imaged brown Dwarf at HD 176535

Surveying Nearby Brown Dwarfs with HGCA: Direct Imaging Discovery of a Faint, High-Mass Brown Dwarf Orbiting HD 176535 A

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Brown dwarfs with well-measured masses, ages and luminosities provide direct benchmark tests of substellar formation and evolutionary models. We report the first results from a direct imaging survey aiming to find and characterize substellar companions to nearby accelerating stars with the assistance of the Hipparcos-Gaia Catalog of Accelerations (HGCA). In this paper, we present a joint high-contrast imaging and astrometric discovery of a substellar companion to HD 176535 A, a K3.5V main-sequence star aged approximately 3.59+0.87−1.15 Gyrs at a distance of 36.99±0.03 pc. In advance of our high-contrast imaging observations, we combined precision HARPS RVs and HGCA astrometry to predict the potential companion's location and mass. We thereafter acquired two nights of KeckAO/NIRC2 direct imaging observations in the L′ band, which revealed a companion with a contrast of ΔL′p=9.20±0.06 mag at a projected separation of ≈0.′′35 (≈13 AU) from the host star. We revise our orbital fit by incorporating our dual-epoch relative astrometry using the open-source MCMC orbit fitting code orvara. HD 176535 B is a new benchmark dwarf useful for constraining the evolutionary and atmospheric models of high-mass brown dwarfs. We found a luminosity of log(Lbol/L⊙)=−5.26±0.06 and a model-dependent effective temperature of 980±35 K for HD 176535 B. Our dynamical mass suggests that some substellar evolutionary models may be underestimating luminosity for high-mass T dwarfs. Given its angular separation and luminosity, HD 176535 B would make a promising candidate for Aperture Masking Interferometry with JWST and GRAVITY/KPIC, and further spectroscopic characterization with instruments like the CHARIS/SCExAO/Subaru integral field spectrograph.

In my opinion it should be an area just for Brown dwarf here like “Brown dwarf news and discoveries” same for protoplanetary disks like “Protoplanetary disk news and discoveries” they totally different objects from each other and exoplanets.

I agree, this would help indeed. I have attempted something with binary brown dwarfs and black widow pulsars with substellar companions, which have threads of their own.

And at same they are totally different objects but still has something related to exoplanets which is fascinating.